The management of acute and chronic hyponatraemia Abstract Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in clinical practice; despite this, the work-up and management of hyponatraemia remain suboptimal and varies among different specialist groups. The majority of data comparing hyponatraemia treatments have been observational, up until recently. The past two years have seen the […]
Current applications and limitations of European guidelines on blood pressure measurement: implications for clinical practice Abstract Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, strongly and independently associated with an increased risk of major CV outcomes, including myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, renal disease and death due to CV causes. Effective control of […]
2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines Abstract Aim The “2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure” replaces the “2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure” and the “2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update […]
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on prevention and management of bleeding and thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis Introduction Patients with cirrhosis frequently acquire substantial alterations in their haemostatic system that are apparent during screening with basic tests of haemostasis (mainly international normalised ratio [INR], activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT] and platelet count). Historically, these changes were […]
Management of hypertensive emergencies: a practical approach Abstract Background: Acute increases of high blood pressure values, usually described as ‘hypertensive crises’, ‘hypertensive urgencies’ or ‘hypertensive emergencies’, are common causes of patients’ presentation to emergency departments. Owing to the lack of ad hoc randomized clinical trials, current recommendations/suggestions for treatment of these patients are not evidenced-based and, […]
Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state management guidelines updated Se han publicado los últimos consejos sobre cómo manejar el estado hiperglucémico hiperosmolar en adultos con diabetes. Las Sociedades Británicas Conjuntas de Diabetes para la Atención de Pacientes Hospitalizados (JBDS-IP) han publicado una guía revisada, El manejo del estado hiperglucémico hiperosmolar en adultos , para mejorar la forma en que se […]
SGLT-2 inhibitors for treatment of heart failure in patients with and without type 2 diabetes: A practical approach for routine clinical practice Highlights SGLT-2i are a promising class of agents for heart failure and chronic kidney disease. An algorithm is provided for prescribing SGLT-2i using a multidisciplinary approach. Tips to prevent common adverse effects with […]
Management of the first stage of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a systematic review of current randomised evidence Abstract Background Convulsive status epilepticus is the most severe form of epilepsy and requires urgent treatment. We synthesised the current evidence on first-line treatments for controlling seizures in adults with convulsive status epilepticus before, or at, arrival […]
Management of traumatic brain injury: a narrative review of current evidence Summary Globally, approximately 70 million people sustain traumatic brain injury each year and this can have significant physical, psychosocial and economic consequences for patients, their families and society. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with a summary of recent studies of […]
Management of status epilepticus: a narrative review SummaryStatus epilepticus causes prolonged or repetitive seizures that, if left untreated, can lead to neuronal injury, severe disability, coma and death in paediatric and adult populations. While convulsive status epilepticus can be diagnosed using clinical features alone, non-convulsive status epilepticus requires confirmation by electroencephalogram. Early seizure control remains […]